「日の丸・君が代」強制による人権侵害を国連に通報 |
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Commission/Sub-Commission Team Subject: Compulson of `Kimigayo`(national anthem of Japan) Dear Sirs, As I wish to bring to the working group’s attention during its next meeting, I enclose further information concerning the captioned subject that follows 1503 procedures. Sincerelly yours, Following is the information from many
teachers. In the Nozuta high school in Tokyo, two people who had been doing the flyer scattering were arrested by the reason of having entered on the premises and a dwelling trespass crime. It is quite the same reason of Tachikawa event. Two people distributed bills between the school gate and the road and were arrested. I hear from the teacher who knows the situation of this school well and he said that it was a place not thought to become "Dwelling invasion" when something is done there. In the Kudan high school in Tokyo, one wagon car, one police car, and seven plainclothesmen wandered the opponent on the road and the people who distributed bills were threatened . The plainclothesman had come also to Ichigaya Commercial High School in Tokyo. It suppresses to the flyer scattering by using the police authority power, and then the graduation ceremony and the entrance ceremony are managed. This year, the freedom of the expression and the freedom of the conscience of the teacher, students, and the citizens are violated on a large scale. End 国連人権高等弁務官殿 次回の作業部会の審議用に追加情報をお送りします。 組織的に、検察と警察と行政が一体となり、表現・良心の自由に対する大規模な弾圧事件が起きているとのことです。 東京都の九段高校では、ワゴン車１台、私服警察車１台、私服警官７人くらいが道路の向こう側を徘徊して、ビラを撒く人たちを威嚇していた。
People are protesting against the sub-principal of Nozuta high school in Tokyo. 人々が東京都立野津田高校の副校長に抗議を行っている。 This figure shows the one that the vicinity of front gate of Nozuta high school. The Nozuta high school is on the hill ground, and the space of the rotary is considerably wide. The sub-principal said: “ I noted to two men that they must clear out because here (the rotary of the bus in front of the gate) is in the site of the school. But, one person was passing out handbills in the vicinity of the bus stop. Then, I communicated with the police and the principal sent damage rport to the police. “ 図は野津田高校の正門付近を上から見たもの。野津田高校は丘陵地にあって、ロ－タリ－の空間はかなり広い。副校長は、「ここは（モンの前のバスのロ－タリ－は）敷地内なので立ち退いてくださいと注意しました。しかし、一人がバス停付近でビラをまいていました。それで、私は警察に通報し、校長が被害届けを出しました。」と答えた
A lot of policemen came out and people who were requesting an acquittal of two men unjustified arrested have been exclude from the inside to the pavement forcibly. 町田警察署では中から警官が多数出てきて、不当逮捕された２人の釈放を求める人々を歩道まで強引に排除してきた。 ２００５．３．１１ Commission/Sub-Commission Team United Nations Office at Geneva 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Subject: Compulson of `Kimigayo`(national anthem of Japan) Dear Sirs, A man was arrested while he had distributed
handbills in Nousan 国連人権高等弁務官殿 拝啓 東京都の農産高校でもビラ配り中に逮捕者がでました。 校門の外で、校長がビラ配付者に対して「生徒に配るな」と激しく詰め寄り、通報で駆けつけたパトカーの警官たちがが無理やりにビラ配付者を連行しました。そして警察で拘束されている間に、校長に被害届けを出させ、警察で逮捕したものです。表現、良心の自由に対する著しい人権侵害です。 一方、校長との面談に際しては、それを阻止するためか、警察車両９台がサイレンを鳴らして続々と到着。校門の内外に私服・制服の警官が陣取る。すぐに刑事がビデオカメラを回し始める。 つまり、都教委と警察が一体となった逮捕劇だったようでした。
【国連への追加通報】 ２００５．２．２７ Commission/Sub-Commission Team Subject: Compulson of `Kimigayo`(national
anthem of Japan) with relation to the case of
Mr. N., Mr. K. Mr. F. and many other teachers Dear Sirs, I submit you the additional information concerning the captioned subject that follows 1503 procedures in compliance with the offer which you require. Respectfully yours, 国連人権高等弁務官殿 ＲＥ：君が代の斉唱を強制する件 １５０３手続きに則った題記審理の件について、追加情報の提供要求に応え、以下の通り連絡致します。 敬具 The students distributed the handbills saying that "We oppose the compulsion of “Kimigayo” (national anthem of Japan ) in the graduation ceremony in March" before the gate of Shinozaki high school in Tokyo on the morning of the 25th Feb. 2005. The principal and the head teacher come out at about 8:30. They said “Stop it. We already called the police.” and the evacuation was ordered. Afterwards, two uniform policemen came about students until arriving at Shinozaki station. In Shinozaki station, three policemen from the police box joined, and the policemen examined : “ What handbill is it? Because there was a report when anti-Kimigayo flyer was scattered. “ The school called the police that citizens' handbills were distributed at once also in Shakujii high school in Tokyo. The two plain clothes policemen of Shakujii police station kept coming suddenly, and the threat being spent for 30 minutes. A similar event has happened almost all together in Tokyo. The school personnel and the citizens are requesting the explanation of the report of the handbill distribution to the police from principals , saying that " Was there guidance from the capital educational board? " and "Was there a saying suiting in the principal association ?" Machida city board of education in Tokyo gave a notification to request "Kimigayo was guided that all student are possible to sing by the volume of one's voice similar to other songs" at the graduation and the entrance ceremony to the principal in the city. This notification is important human-right violations to the student who do not want to sing. The board demanded the report of the execution condition at the ceremony and the plan of prior guidance of "Kimigayo” from the school, and to guide "Kimigayo" volume of one's voice in the management of city educational board. According to the city educational board, the volume control of one’s voice was included in the notification because there was a demand from one of the member of Machida city board of education. Demand was that --The voice of Kimigayo is small in the hall of ceremony. I want you to make it sing scrupulously. In the garden party, Mr. Yonenaga who had attended by Tokyo education committee's qualification talked to the emperor, "My work is to hang out the national flag at the school , and to make it sing Kimigayo all over Japan". However, the emperor made negative comments on the other hand. Neither the authority nor the duty to make Mr. Yonenaga sing Kimigayo in compulson all over Japan are given , and the Tokyo educational commitee is disregarding it though Yonenaga's resignation is demanded. － 大学生が２５日朝、「3月の卒業式で君が代強制はおかしい」というビラを東京都の篠崎高校の門前で配布していた。8時半ごろ校長、教頭が出てきて、「やめなさい。警察に通報したから」と退去を命じた。その後、篠崎駅に着くまで制服警官2名が学生達についてきた。 篠崎駅では、交番からの3名の警官が合流し、警察官は「何のビラだ。君が代反対のビラを撒いていると通報があった。」と詰問した。東京都の石神井高校でも、市民のビラをまいていると、学校側がすぐに警察を呼んだ。２名の石神井署の私服が突然きて、３０分脅しをかけつづけた。同様の事件が東京都でほぼ一斉に起こっている。ビラ配りを警察に通報することについて、「都教委から指導があったのか？」「校長会で申し合せがあったのか？」と、現在、教職員・市民達は校長たちに説明を求めている。 － 東京都町田市教育委員会は、市内の校長に、卒・入学式で子どもたちに対して 「国歌については、ほかの式歌と同様の声量で歌うことができるよう指導する」よう求める通知を出した。この通知は、「歌いたくない」子どもたちへの重大な人権侵害である。学校に対して「君が代」の事前指導の計画書や式当日の実施状況の報告書なども要求し、徹底した市教委の管理のもとに「君が代」声量指導を行わせようとしている。 市教委によると、教育委員の一人から「式場で国歌の声が小さい。きちっと歌わせてほしい」と要望があったことがきっかけで、通知に盛り込んだという。 － 園遊会の席上、東京都教育委員の資格で出席した米長氏は、天皇に対し「日本中の学校で国旗を掲げ、国歌を斉唱させることが私の仕事でございます」と話しかけた。しかし、それに対し天皇は否定的な意見を述べた。 米長氏には日本中で君が代を斉唱させる権限・任務は与えられておらず、米長氏の辞任要求がでているが、東京都教育委員会は無視している。
【国連への通報】 Subject: The case of Mr. N. ,
Mr. K. Mr. F.and many other teachers Dear Sirs, Many thanks for your reply to my complaint in accordance with the
1503 procedure of the Commission Human
Rights. The graduation ceremony and the entrance ceremony are held in March and
coming April 2005. I am wishing the disciplinary action etc. not to be repeated
again over the unison at national anthem of Japan. I would like you to
recommend that the freedom of the conscience is never violated in accordance
with the human rights rule and Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the
United Nations to Prime Minister Koizumi and governor of Tokyo Ishihara by all
means. I greatly appreciate that you would reply to me on this matter. 国連人権高等弁務官殿 ＲＥ：Ｎ教師、Ｋ教師、Ｆ氏及び多数の教師の件に関して 拝啓 人権委員会の１５０３号手続きに則った私の申し立てを採用していただきありがとうございました。２００５年も来る３月と４月には、卒業式と入学式がやってきます。私は、君が代の強制を巡って再び懲戒処分が繰り返されないことを願っております。そこで私としては、世界人権宣言の良心の自由が冒されないよう、国連から日本政府と東京都都知事へ勧告を出していただければと考えています。ご返事をお待ちしています。 敬具 Commission/Sub-Commission Team Human Rights Dear Sirs, I enclose a complaint about the case of the above-mentioned. Victims of the alleged violations, in accordance with the 1503 Procedure of the Commission on Human Rights.
Complaints concerning Human Rights to be Submitted to UNHCHR -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE AUTHOR .................................................................................................................... Indicate, by ticking the appropriate box, in which capacity you are acting: victim of the violation or violations described below representative of the victim or victims of the violation or violations described below person, group of persons or organization with reliable knowledge of the violation or violations described below in another capacity. Specify........................................................................ ..................................................................................................................... II. INFORMATION CONCERNING THE ALLEGED FACTS Name of the country considered by the author to be responsible for the alleged violation Japan..................................................................................................... Human rights allegedly violated (refer, if possible, to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) ...Article 19 of the Constitution of Japan(freedom of thought and conscience )... Article 1 of the Japan Fundamental Law of Education(the educational purpose) ...Article 18, 19 and 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights........ ...Article 5, 12 and 14 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.................................... Facts of the claim The high school teacher Mr. N of Osaka-shi was acting as the teacher in charge of the graduation ceremony in the spring of 2002. The contents of the graduation ceremony were decided by the executive committee which students and the staff of school constitute. But, just before the ceremony, they were changed by the principal. Contrary to a student’s mind, “the Rising-Sun flag hoist and the singing of Kimigayo were incorporated. The students couldn’t be convinced to a sudden change and the signature activities by the students were performed. However, the principal forced the graduation ceremony, and the opinion of the students and the staff of school were disregarded. The teacher Mr. N. explained at the graduation ceremony as below. “ It was decided by the staff meeting that we do not do Kimigayo at the event of our school. You stand -- You don’t stand ? You sing ? You don’t sing ? You leave ? don’t leave ?Please judge according to your conscience. “ After then, Mr. N. covered caution disposal from the Osaka board of education by having explained the freedom of the conscience secured by the constitution, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, etc. in intelligible language. On the basis of the “government guidelines for teaching” which the Ministry of Education defined, the principal and the Tokyo board of education emitted the Rising-Sun flag and the Kimigayo forcible command at a graduation ceremony. In spring 2004, teacher Mr. K. and 245 staff of school of Tokyo were punished by the Tokyo board of education for reasons of un-standing up at the time of singing of Kimigayo. Several teachers were canceled from the Tokyo board of education for reasons of disposal in the new reemployment and continuation reemployment which already determined after retirement, and they lost the job. Furthermore, the Tokyo board of education performed “service accident recurrence prevention training” to the disposed person in August 2004. To instruction of the national flag and a national anthem, victims thought that they wanted to be one human being first. They thought that a teacher also had the responsibility which protects the fundamental human rights of the child and parents whom the constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights set. So, they thought and took action that they could not be concerned with school activity which makes infringement of the child’s rights foreseen in school education. Although the national flag and national anthem law was enacted in August 1999, it was only defined in the text of the law that the national flag was decided to be the flag of the Rising Sun, and the national anthem was determined as Kimigayo. The law cannot serve as a basis which stands up “Kimigayo” and forces a chorus. Moreover, the “government guidelines for teaching” defines the standard about educational contents and an educational method. It is clear as the language of “guidelines” that it is the administrative guidance which cannot have legal force. Therefore, the command of the principal who deviated from such a legal interpretation , and the notification of the board of education are infringing on the freedom of the thought and conscience secured by the constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Mr. F., retired from the Itabashi high school in Tokyo two years ago. He was invited to the graduation ceremony of the Itabashi high school on March 11 , 2004. He felt the question for the state of the graduation ceremony based on the notification of the board of Tokyo capital education this year. Then, before the ceremony started, he distributed the report of the magazine about singing of Kimigayo(National anthem), and he said in a guardian seat, “ If you can do at the time of singing of Kimigayo, please taking a seat.” Consequently, he was leaved compulsorily by principals. And the principal appealed to the Itabashi police station. The Metropolitan Police Department mobilized ten or more investigations, and investigated the Itabashi high school. House criminal investigation for Mr. F’s family was performed on May 11, 2004. A series of occurrences are the personal remarks which are the retaliation to 250 of 270 graduates having taken a seat at the time of singing of Kimigayo at the Itabashi high school. ...................................................................... ................................................................................................................ III. INFORMATION CONCERNING MEANS OF REDRESS USED What steps have been taken to exhaust domestic remedies (recourse to the courts or other public authorities), by whom, when and with what results? Mr. N. and other person asked the Osaka Personnel Commission for withdrawal of disposal , and caused statement of disagreement in May 2002. The disposed person of Tokyo submitted “the statement document of administrative disposition suspension of execution” to the Tokyo District Court in July 2004. As long as results, such as a petition to the past public organization which asks for disposal withdrawal , and judgement at a court, are seen in the same case, it is not effective for victims to aim at solution in Japan. The police report of Mr. F. is sent to the prosecuter. The police was disregarded although the lawyer went and protested against the Itabashi police station to the summons. Although defense counsel complained to the Tokyo District Court, they were rejected. If the search warrant of a summary court and the agreement protocol of a district court are seen, the fact is distorted. .......................................................................................................................... IV. PURPOSE AND AIM OF THIS COMMUNICATION With the influence of UNHCHR, I want UNHCHR to ask the Japanese government to cancel the caution disposal of the two staff of school of Osaka and the 246 staff of school of Tokyo , and make a reemployment person’s return to work. The victims showed before the student that the freedom of conscience ,the freedom of religious and freedom of thought were in an educational place. They showed in the attitude that there was a right which should be guaranteed by the constitution. I think that the compulsion by the national flag and the national anthem does not become the study which studies educational universal worth. Children see the staff of school’s back, and may study social worth. Disposal of the prudent staff of school is not only the staff of school’s labor problem. In order to extend a view of the world and to build peaceful international society, we need to make the school education which studies the difference between nationality, a race, religion, and thought mutually. The crime of the educational administration which disposed by stepping on at an educational place and making a picture step is serious. I also urge UNHCHR to put pressure onto the government so that the violations to Mr. F. shall be stopped. - End - 【日本語訳】国連人権高等弁務官殿 ＲＥ：Ｎ教師、Ｋ教師、Ｆ氏及び多数の教師の件に関して 拝啓 人権委員会の１５０３号手続きに則っり、上記被害者の救済申立て書を同封いたします。 敬具 ★侵害されたと主張する人権（たとえば世界人権宣言、経済的・社会的及び文化的権利に関する国際規約、市民的及び政治的権利に関する国際規約） 日本国憲法 第十九条 （思想及び良心の自由） 日本国教育基本法 第１条 （教育の目的） 世界人権宣言 第十八条 第十九条 第二十六条 （２） 子どもの権利条約 第５条 第１２条 第１４条 ★主張する侵害と、教育・科学・文化・情報との関連性 Ｎ教師、Ｋ教師、Ｆ氏とその他２４５名のケースは、校長や教育委員会による入学・卒業式での日の丸・君が代強制の職務命令に対し、上記憲法、世界人権宣言、子供の権利条約に則って強制に従うことを拒否したケ－スである。従うことを拒否したために、被害者達は減給、懲戒等の処分を被り、人権を侵害された。 ★申し立ての事実 ２００２年春、大阪府の高校教師Ｎ氏は、卒業式の担当教員をしていた。卒業式の内容は生徒と教職員が構成する実行委員会で決っていたが、直前になって校長により変更された。生徒の意に反する日の丸掲揚・君が代斉唱が盛り込まれたのである。突然の変更に納得できず、生徒による署名活動が行われた。しかし、校長は生徒の意見も教職員の意見も無視し、卒業式を強行した。Ｎ教師は、『本校の行事では「君が代は実地しないと職員会議で決まっています。立つ、立たない、歌う、歌わない、退出するしないは皆さんの良心に従って判断してください』と卒業式で説明した。憲法、世界人権宣言等で保障されている良心の自由をわかりやすい言葉で説明したことによって、Ｎ教師は大阪府教育委員会から戒告処分を被った。 文部科学省が定めた「学習指導要領」を根拠に、校長や東京都教育委員会は卒業式での日の丸・君が代強制命令を発した。２００４年春、そのため、東京都のＫ教師及び東京都の教職員２４５名は、君が代斉唱時の不起立を理由に東京都教育委員会により処分された。その中の数名は、すでに決定していた退職後の新規再雇用や継続再雇用を、処分を理由に東京都教育委員会から取り消され職を失った。さらに、２００４年８月、東京都教育委員会は、被処分者に「服務事故再発防止研修」を行った。被害者たちは国旗、国歌の指導に対しては、まず一人の人間でありたいと考えた。憲法、世界人権宣言が定めた、子供と親の基本的人権を擁護する責任は教師にもあると考えた。それゆえに、学校教育において子供の人権侵害を予見させる学校活動にはかかわってはならないと考え、行動をとったのである。 １９９９年８月に国旗国歌法が成立したが、法文上にも国旗を日章旗と決め、国歌を君が代と定めたにすぎない。同法は、「君が代」を起立して斉唱を強制する根拠とはなりえない。また、「学習指導要領」は、教育の内容及び方法について、基準を定めたものである。「指導要領」の言葉のとおり、法的な強制力のもてない行政指導であることは明確である。従い、このような法的解釈を逸脱した校長の命令や教育委員会の通達は憲法、世界人権宣言で保障されている思想及び良心の自由を侵害している。 Ｆ氏は２年前に東京都の板橋高校を定年退職した。2004年3月11日に板橋高校の卒業式に招待された。彼は、東京都都教委の通達に基づく今年の卒業式のあり方に疑問を感じていた。そこで、式の始まる前に保護者席で、君が代斉唱に関する雑誌の記事を配り、「君が代斉唱のときに、できたら着席をお願いできませんか？」と語りかけた。その結果、校長たちによって強制的に退去させられた。そして、校長は板橋警察署に訴えた。3月25日に、警視庁は捜査員１０人以上を動員して板橋高校を捜査した。その後、５回以上にわたる捜査が行われた。５月１１日にＦ家は警視庁による家宅捜査が行われた。何度も警察への呼び出し状も送りつけられた。そして、１０月１６日に彼は書類送検となった。 一連の出来事は、板橋高校で君が代斉唱のときに卒業生２７０人のうち２５０人が着席したことに対する報復であり、Ｆ氏をタ－ゲットにした個人攻撃である。 ★国内救済に関する情報 国内救済のために取った措置について －－裁判所、その他公的機関への訴え－－だれが、いつ、その結果を記入のこと。 Ｎ教師他は２００２年５月、大阪府人権委員会に処分の撤回を求め、不服申し立てを起こした。東京都の被処分者は、２００４年７月、東京都地方裁判所に、「行政処分執行停止の申立書」を提出した。同様のケ－スで、処分撤回を求める過去の公的機関への訴え、裁判所での判決等の結果を見る限り、日本国内で解決をはかることは被害者たちにとって効果的でない。 Ｆ氏は書類送検されている。呼び出し状に対し、弁護士が板橋署に行き抗議したが警察は無視した。弁護団は東京地裁へ抗告したが棄却された。 ★通報の目的 国連人権委員会の影響力で、被害者である大阪の教職員２名と東京都の教職員２４５名の戒告処分を取り消させ、さらに再雇用者の職場復帰を実現させるよう日本政府に求めて欲しい。 被害者たちは教育の場に良心の自由や宗教の自由・思想の自由があることを生徒の前に示した。憲法で保障されるべき権利があることを態度で示した。国旗・国歌による強制は教育の普遍的な価値を学ぶ場にならないと考える。子ども達は教職員の背中をみて社会の価値を学ぶことがある。心ある教職員の処分は教職員だけの労働問題ではない。世界観を広げ平和な国際社会を構築するには、国籍・人種・宗教・思想の違いを学び合う学校教育にしていかねばならない。教育の場で踏み絵を踏ませ、処分を行った教育行政の罪は重い。また、日本政府が国際人権基準に則り適正な勧告をおこない、Ｆ氏への書類送検が撤回されるよう仲介をお願いすることにある。 ★１５０３制度についての説明 |
