Worldwide distribution of moyamoya disease Moyamoya disease is most frequently observed in eastern Asia, especially in Japan and Korea. However, it is also reported in Americas and Europe. About 10 years ago, Goto and Yonekawa reported the worldwide distribution of moyamoya disease at that time. It should be cautiously interpreted that many cases reported from Americas and Europe included so-called "Quasi-moyamoya disease (moyamoya-like disease)". That is, the patient has a systemic disease and cerebral angio-architecture similar to moyamoya disease, which do not fulfill the criteria of moyamoya disease defined by Japanese researchers. It is known that some of moyamoya patients in the US are Japanese descendants. Reference Goto Y, Yonekawa Y: Worldwide distribution of moyamoya disease. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 32:883-886, 1992 Abstract: Many cases of spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis (moyamoya disease) have been reported in Japan, but the worldwide distribution is unclear. The total number of cases in each country reported in the literature and complications were evaluated. A total of 1063 cases have occurred worldwide excluding Japan. Cases were observed most frequently in Asia and in people of non-Caucasian origin.

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